名词性从句中连词选择“三步法”
录入者:netlab 人气指数:次 发布时间:2008年01月28日
名词性从句中连词选择“三步法”
福建省泉州七中王伟
在高考单项选择中,名词性从句中连词的选择往往是测试的热点。考生若不认真分析,没有一定的方法,常常造成判断上的失误,最终错选了连词。笔者认为,如果考生能采取“一分二划三看”三步法对试题加以分析,则会收到良效。
一、“一分”即分清从句类型:
四种从句①主语从句(从句位于动词前作主语)
②宾语从句(从句位于动词后作宾语)
③表语从句(从句位于系动词之后作表语)
④同位语从句(从句位于特殊的名词如idea,fact,news等后
补充说明前面的名词)
二、“二划”即划分出从句(用括号表示从句)
(1)(That the erath is round)istrue.(主语从句)
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(2)Do youknow(where he lives)?(宾语从句)
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(3)My opinionis(that you should not go alone) .(表语从句)
v
(4)I don’t likethe idea(that money is everything).(同位语从句)
n
三、“三看”即看从句句意是否完整:
1、句意不完整→缺连接代词①人who,whoever(主语)
whom,whomever(宾语)
②物what,whatever(主语、宾语)
which,whichever(主语、宾语)
2、句意完整
(1)缺连接副词:
①时间:when;②地点:where,wherever;③原因:why;④方式:how。
(2)缺不作成份的连词①有含义:if、wherther(是否);②无含义:that
注:if一般不用来引导主语从句;that只有在宾语从句中才可以省略。
下面,我们以4道高考试题为例加以解析
1、he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.(NMET 93,19)
A、WhatB、ThatC、The factD、The matter
析:(1)分清从句类型:因为主句动词astonished前有一个从句,则一定是主语从句。
(2)划出主语从句:(he said at the meeting)astonishedeverybody
v
present.
(3)看主语从句句意是否完整:从句动词said后缺宾语,即句意不完整,则一定缺连接代词。在四个选项中只有What可以做said的宾语,所以答案(A)正确。
2、A computer can only doyou have instructed it to do.(NMET 2001,31)
A、howB、afterC、whatD、when
析:(1)分清从句类型:主句动词do后有一个从句,所以是宾语从句。
(2)划分出宾语从句:…do(you have instructed it to do.)
v
(3)看宾语从句句意是否完整:不定式to do后缺宾语,句意不完整,应缺少连接代词,所以只有答案(C)正确。
3、—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—Is thatyou had a few days off?(NMET 99)
A、whyB、whenC、whatD、where
析:(1)分清从句类型:从句“…you had a few days off”位于“is”之后,所以应该是表语从句。
(2)划分出表语从句:Isthat(you had a few days off)?
v
(3)看表语从句句意是否完整:从译文“你请了几天假”可以判断句意完整,应该缺连接副词或不作成份的连词。根据上下文含义,应该选择表示“原因”的“why”,所以最佳答案为(A)。
4、Information has been put forwordmore middle school graduates will be
admitted into universities.(2001年上海试题)
A、whileB、thatC、whenD、as
析:(1)分清从句类型:根据句子结构分析“…more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.”应该修饰名词“Information”,所以是同位语从句。
(2)划出同位语从句:Informationhas been put forword(more
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middle school graduates will be admitted into universities).
(3)看同位语从句句意是否完整:根据从句含义“更多的中学生将被大学录取”可以判断,从句句意完整,所以可能缺连接副词或不作成份的连词。(A)、(D)答案不是名词从句中的连词,根据句子的含义,应选一个不作成份的连词,故最佳答案为(B)。
请同学们根据“三步法”,试作以下高考题:
1、(’96)we can’t get seems better thanwe have.
A、What;whatB、What;thatC、That;thatD、That;what
2、(’96)we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A、IfB、WhetherC、ThatD、Where
3、(’97)It is generally considered unwise to gaive a childhe or she wants.
A、howeverB、whateverC、whicheverD、whenever
4、(’98)Why do you want a new jobyou’ve got such a good one already?
A、thatB、whereC、whichD、when
5、(’98)caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A、WhatB、ThatC、HowD、Where
6、(’99)has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A、WhoB、The oneC、AnyoneD、Whoever
7、(’00)she couldn’t understand wasfewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A、What;whyB、That;whatC、What;becauseD、Why;that
8、(’01)What the doctors really doubt ismy mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A、whenB、howC、whetherD、why
9、(‘03)There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars
road conditions need.
A、that;to be improvedB、which;to be improved
C、where;improvingD、when;improving
10、(’03)made the school proud wasmore than 90% of the students
had been admitted to key universities.
A、What;becauseB、What;thatC、That;whatD、That;beccause
Keys:1-5ABBDA6-10DACAB
地址:福建省泉州七中高三年科級中學英语组(理科)王伟邮编:362000
E-mail:citong69@tom.com手机:13960409818
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